Zigbee - A Conceptual Study

Volume 4 Issue 1 January - June 2017

Article

Zigbee - A Conceptual Study

Rajat Khurana*, Gurpreet Singh**

* PG Scholar, I.K. Gujral PTU Main Campus, Kapurthala, India.

** Assistant Professor, Guru Nanak Dev University Regional Campus, Fattu Dhinga, India.

Khurana, R., and Singh, G. (2017). Zigbee - A Conceptual Study. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 4(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.4.1.13702

Abstract

For past few years, there is a rapid advancement in the wireless network area. These are compact sensors with narrow power and finite resources. However, there are numerous variants of wireless technologies, such as Wireless HART, IEEE 802.15.4, Wibree, IETF 6LoWPAN, ISA100.11, IEEE 802.15.3, Wimax, and ZigBee. Among these wireless standards, a latest standard called ZigBee is invented in the past few years. ZigBee is a wireless standard used for Control and sensor networks. It is based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Zigbee is designed for low-power consumption compensating batteries to last longer. The low cost technology allows it to be deployed in wireless control and monitoring application, where longer life with smaller batteries equipment is needed. Zigbee has mesh networking which provides high reliability and larger range. ZigBee is designed to meet the growing demand of wireless networking. This paper provides a review on ZigBee technology and includes ZigBee Alliance, characteristics of ZigBee, ZigBee Protocol stack, access method, topologies, applications, and advantages of ZigBee.

A Novel Approach for Wireless Communication using Cognitive Radio

Volume 3 Issue 2 May - July 2016

Research Paper

A Novel Approach for Wireless Communication using Cognitive Radio

S. Suguna*, N. Keerthi**

*-** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, C.R. Engineering College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Suguna, S., and Keerthi, N. (2016). A Novel Approach for Wireless Communication using Cognitive Radio. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(2), 26-32. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.2.13442

Abstract

Wireless networks will face a problem in future for large traffic volumes. To recover this problem, relay network was used in architecture of fourth generation (4G) LTE-Advanced relay network. The power allocation and optimal subcarrier allocation strategies are used to get the maximum effective capacity in LTE-A relay systems. In LTE-A system, Quality of Service will depend on effective capacity. Cognitive radio technology addresses the limited availability of wireless spectrum and inefficiency of spectrum usage. Cognitive Radio (CR) devices are used to sense environment, detect unused spectrum, and automatically access the available spectrum without creating any harmful interferences to the incumbents. Filter Bank Multicarrier with Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (FBMC/OQAM) scheme is recognized for 5G wireless technologies with an extremely low Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR). FBMC/OQAM scheme is suitable for Cognitive Radio (CR) applications.

A Survey on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Routing Protocols

Volume 3 Issue 2 May - July 2016

Research Paper

A Survey on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Routing Protocols

Abhilash Kumar M*, Rama Mohan Reddy A**

* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University College of Engineering, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University College of Engineering, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Kumar M.A., and Reddy A.R.M. (2016). A Survey on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Routing Protocols. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(2), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.2.13441

Abstract

In VANETs, frequent link disconnections degrade network performance, as a result increases end-to-end delay and high packet drop ratio. It is not acceptable for safety and emergency applications. The motivation here is to avoid traffic jams, road accidents, and pollution control by providing an accurate information to drivers at right time without any delay. Existing approaches used metrices like expected transmission count and link expiration time, which takes lot of computations, and also sometimes due to fast vehicle movements form one region to other, these calculations will be unused. To overcome this problem, the proposed approach enable vehicles to connect and communicate with each other forming mesh topology called blocks, where each block contains Block Head (BH) and cooperative nodes called Block Nodes (BN). BH maintains precise information about nodes in its region by probing hello messages and updating look-up table. Whenever a node fails, BH selects another node immediately without delay using the look-up table information. Compared to existing approaches, block mesh protocol accurately finds a new neighbour node when the situation demands. In this paper, the authors have surveyed various routing protocols used for routing and simulation results show that the proposed approach’s performance has been improved in terms of throughput and packet delivery ratio.

Understanding and Optimization Techniques of Throughput Capacity for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Volume 3 Issue 2 May - July 2016

Research Paper

Understanding and Optimization Techniques of Throughput Capacity for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

M.V. Rajesh*, T.V.S. Gireendranath**

* Research Scholar, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Director, Cipher Cloud Development, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

*** Director, Industry Institute Interaction for Placement and Training, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Rajesh, M.V., Gireendranath,T.V.S., and Murthy, J.V.R. (2016). Understanding and Optimization Techniques of Throughput Capacity for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(2), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.2.13440

Abstract

With the tremendous growth in the application of Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks in multiple areas ranging from industries to home to multiple interdisciplinary areas, the demand for performance improvement is also increasing. The major focus of all the researches related to MANET is on throughput capacity of the complete network. However, the improvement in the MANETs cannot be achieved just by analyzing and improving the total network throughput. Moreover, the major problem, that is synchronization for time division networks using time slotted channels has also been improved, thus forcing the hike in use of MANETS. However, the throughput capacity of each node was rarely been considered for mobile ad-hoc networks, which also can be useful for optimizing the throughput capacity for each nodes in the MANET. In this work, the authors have demonstrated the derivation of individual node throughput capacity and through a theoretical model that demonstrated the possible optimization techniques for each node.

Miniaturized Multiband Inverted-F Antenna for Broken Metal RIM Mobile Phone Application

Volume 3 Issue 2 May - July 2016

Research Paper

Miniaturized Multiband Inverted-F Antenna for Broken Metal RIM Mobile Phone Application

Durga Prasad Jaisawal*, Sudhanshu Verma**

* PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

** Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Jaisawal, D.P., and Verma, S. (2016). Miniaturized Multiband Inverted-F Antenna for Broken Metal Rim Mobile Phone Application. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(2), 6-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.2.13439

Abstract

A miniaturized multiband Inverted – F antenna has been proposed in this paper for mobile phone applications. This miniaturized antenna is surrounded by metal rims with two open slits. This is a strategy which gives an idea to design a metal rimmed antenna for a mobile phone application. This antenna is capable of covering GSM900/DCS/PCS/UMTS2100/LTE2300/2500 operating band which can be generated by the metal rim structure with two open slits which means it is broken into three parts. The remarkable radiation performance obtained due to metal rim is the reason for which this proposed antenna is a candidate of WWAN/LTE. Parasitic element is used in this proposed antenna for better current distribution, which provides better radiation performance. The operation mechanism of antenna along with radiation coefficients, and radiation patterns are simulated and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed antenna for mobile phone applications.

Optimal Algorithm for Estimation of Mobile Users Direction in 5G LTE

Volume 3 Issue 2 May - July 2016

Research Paper

Optimal Algorithm for Estimation of Mobile Users Direction in 5G LTE

Yasmine Mazin Tabra*, Bayan Mahdi Sabar**

* Lecturer, Department of Information & Communication, Information Engineering College, Al-Nahrain University, Iraq.

** Head, Department of Information & Communication, Information Engineering College, Al-Nahrain University, Iraq.

Tabra, Y.M., and Sabar, B.M. (2016). Optimal Algorithm for Estimation of Mobile Users Direction in 5G LTE. i-manager’s Journal on Mobile Applications and Technologies, 3(2), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.26634/jmt.3.2.13438

Abstract

Smart antennas used in new generations of mobile technologies provide a great improvement in detection of the direction of user mobile device. The use of Direction Of Arrival (DOA) algorithms to locate mobile devices is highly applicable due to the improvement of mobile systems to 5G LTE. To select the most appropriate method to work with LTE system, a comparison between the available algorithms in DOA is made. Among the algorithms used were Capon, MUSIC, Root-MUSIC, and ESPRIT. The comparison is made in number of snapshots, SNR, accuracy, and estimation time.

A Review on Routing Protocols for Mobile Adhoc Networks

Vol. 3  Issue 1
Year: 2016
Issue:Feb-Apr 
Title:A Review on Routing Protocols for Mobile Adhoc Networks
Author Name:S. Rajasekar and A. Subramani
Synopsis:
Wireless Networking is an emerging technology that allows users to access information and services anywhere, regardless of their geographic areas over the past few years with the trend of mobile computing. Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) has become one of the most important wireless communication mechanisms among all, unlike traditional network. MANET represents complex distributed systems that comprise wireless mobile nodes that can freely and dynamically self-organize temporarily. MANET is an autonomously self-organized networks without infrastructure support. In MANET, nodes can move arbitrarily. Therefore the network may experience rapid and unpredictable topology changes, because nodes in a MANET normally have limited transmission ranges, some nodes cannot communicate directly with each other. Routing in MANET potentially contains multiple hops, and every node in mobile ad hoc networks has the responsibility to act as a router. In MANET, network topology can dynamically be changed in an unpredictable manner since the nodes are free to move. Every single node in the MANET works as both receiver and transmitter. Each node directly communicates with others, when they are both within their communication ranges. All nodes work as routers and take path in discovery and maintenance of routes to other nodes in the network. In this paper, a review on the routing protocols for mobile adhoc networks, challenges, issues, and applications were presented. The objective of this study is the comparative analysis of various routing protocols for MANET in different manner.